Today we have four articles that we have read recently and enjoyed. 1. Fumigation methods for controlling nematodes 2. Report of gray mold on Chinese Magnolia Sp. 3. Forecasting Ips subelongatus outbreaks in Korea 4. A New Alternaria Species Causing Foliage Spot of Rubber Tree
今天，我们选取并分享四篇最近阅读的文章。 1.熏蒸法防控线虫；2.中国木兰属灰霉病的报道； 3.预测落叶松八齿小蠹在韩国的疫情；4.橡胶树叶斑病的链格孢属致病菌新种。
Pre‐Plant Fumigation of Soils for Nematode Control Affects the Seedling Production and Morphological Properties of Pine and Larch Seedlings
进行土壤预熏蒸以控制线虫对松树和落叶松幼苗的产量和形态特性的影响
Sangsub Cha, Jeonghwan Kim, In Gyu Choi, Jongo Choi, Hyerim Han, Namin Koo and Yong Suk Kim – Forests Journal
Using a fumigation sterilizer for nematode control, this study determined the effect of soil sterilization on the quantity and quality of the growth of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi seedlings in an open‐field nursery at Jeongseon‐gun, Kangwon‐do, Republic of Korea. Most soil nematodes disappeared after fumigant sterilization. The soil properties changed due to soil fumigation, which affected the growth of both species. The quality of the pine seedlings improved, whereas that of larch did not. This was a result of the difference in their tolerance to soil salinity. Soil management using a fumigant treatment was more efficient for producing pine seedlings than larch. Our results can be used to improve agricultural and forestry economics.
本研究以熏蒸控制线虫的方法，确定了土壤消毒对韩国江原道正善郡开放式苗圃中赤松和日本落叶松幼苗生长的数量和质量的影响。经过熏蒸消毒消除了土壤中大多数的线虫。由于熏蒸改变了土壤特性，从而影响了松树和落叶松幼苗的生长，两者对土壤盐分耐受性不同，前者质量提高，而后者没有提高。松树林地使用土壤熏蒸法促幼苗生长相较落叶松林地效果更佳。 该结果可应用于改善农林业生产。
First Report of Gray Mold Caused by Botrytis cinerea on Magnolia × alba in China
灰葡萄孢引起中国白兰灰霉病的首次报道
Yang C. L., Liu Y. G., Xu X. L. – Plant Disease Journal
Magnolia × alba is widely cultivated as an important multi-purpose plant in Asia, particularly in China. In March 2019, roughly 1 to 3% of twigs and 1% of flowers on two plants at a courtyard of Zizhong County, Neijiang City, Sichuan, China showed symptoms similar to gray mold. At the beginning, affected twigs died back and diseased flowers wilted. As disease progressed, tissues became water-soaked and abundant Botrytis-like conidiophores and conidia were evident within lesions.B. cinerea has been reported causing gray mold on Magnolia obovata in Japan and Magnolia × soulangiana in Poland. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. cinerea causing gray mold on Magnolia × alba.
白兰作为亚洲特别是中国的一种重要的多功能木兰属植物被广泛种植。2019年3月，中国四川省内江市紫中县四合院的两棵白兰有1-3％的枝干和1％的花朵出现类似于灰霉病的症状。 初始感病的枝干和花朵枯萎死亡，接着感病组织出现水浸状，并可见大量的葡萄孢状分生孢子梗和分生孢子。 据报道，灰葡萄孢曾分别在日本和波兰的木兰属植物日本厚朴和朱砂玉兰上会引起灰霉病。 据悉这是灰葡萄孢在白兰上引起灰霉病的首次报道。
https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1417-PDN
Forecasting Spring Flight of Ips subelongatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Japanese larch Larix kaempferi (Pinales: Pinaceae) Forests in the Republic of Korea
预测韩国的日本落叶松林中落叶松八齿小蠹的春季扬飞
Cha Young Lee, Youngwoo Nam, Chanwoo Park, Yeon Jae Bae, Won Il Choi – Environmental Entomology Journal
Ips subelongatus is a species of bark beetle experiencing population outbreaks in Korea. In this study, a predictive model and empirical prediction were used to forecast the spring flight of these beetles in Japanese larch forests. The number of beetles caught in pheromone traps was investigated in larch forests thinned in 2009, 2010, 2012, or 2013. The lower threshold temperature for flight (LTF) and a thermal sum for the spring flight of I. subelongatus were estimated. The empirical prediction that beetles initiate their flight when daily maximum temperatures reach 16 or 20°C was tested using daily maximum temperature and the beetles caught. These results demonstrate that the predictive model is more suitable than the empirical prediction for predicting the spring flight of I. subelongatus. Overwintering I. subelongatus adults seem to need to gain a determined thermal sum before initiating spring flight rather than merely waiting for the daily maximum temperature to exceed a critical temperature.
落叶松八齿小蠹是一种在韩国集群暴发的小蠹虫。在本研究中，分别使用预测模型和经验性预报来预测该虫在日本落叶松林中的春季扬飞。预测模型调查并统计了疏伐的日本落叶松林中被信息素诱捕器收集的小蠹虫数量，预估该虫春季扬飞的下限温度（LTF）和所需热量总和。经验性预报中，日最高温度测试达到16或20°C时小蠹虫开始扬飞。结果表明，与经验性预报相比，预测模型更适合于预测落叶松八齿小蠹的春季扬飞。越冬成虫似乎并非只在日最高温度超过临界温度时开始春季扬飞，而是在扬飞前就需要积累足够的热量。
https://academic.oup.com/ee/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ee/nvz105/30054602/nvz105.pdf
Alternaria yunnanensis sp. nov., a New Alternaria Species Causing Foliage Spot of Rubber Tree in China
在中国引起橡胶树叶斑病的一种真菌新种——云南链格孢菌(Alternaria yunnanensis)
Zhi-Ying Cai, Yi-Xian Liu, Yu-Ping Shi, Li-Ming Dai, Lan-Lan Li, Hong-Jun Mu, Mei-Lin Lv, Xiao-yong Liu – Mycobiology Journal
A new species of Alternaria causing leaf spots on the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in Yunnan, China, was isolated, examined, and illustrated. Morphologically, it belongs to a section of Alternaria which produces relatively large conidia and a simple or branched, filamentous long beak. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ITS rDNA, GAPDH, and TEF1-alpha sequences demonstrate that the phytopathogen falls in the clade of the section Porri, being most closely related to a group of other Alternaria species.
一种在中国云南引起橡胶树叶斑病的真菌新种被分离，检测和描述。 形态上符合链格孢属的特征，产生较大的分生孢子并形成单一或分支的丝状长喙。 基于ITS rDNA，GAPDH和TEF1-alpha序列的分子系统发育分析表明，该致病真菌属于链格孢菌Porri种群，与链格孢进化关系最密切。
We would love to hear your recommendations for papers that you have enjoyed reading recently. If you have recently published a paper, send us a link! We would be happy to share your research with our community
如果您想推荐您最近发表或阅读过论文，可以发送链接给我们！ 我们很高兴听到您对最近阅读论文的建议，并乐于在社群分享您的研究。