We wish you all a Happy Christmas and New Year. In this post we have four articles that we will share with you. 1. A study of the Citrus pest Bactrocera minax in Central Nepal 2. Development of a lateral flow device (LFD) to test for Phytopthora hibernalis 3. An Emerging Pathogen from Rotted Chestnut in China: Gnomoniopsis daii sp. nov.4. A CABI working paper looking at pesticide reduction in China (Full Report)
祝大家圣诞和新年快乐！ 这里我们与您分享4篇文章。 1.对尼泊尔中部的柑橘类植物害虫柑橘大实蝇的研究2.开发侧向层析装置（LFD）以检测Phytopthora hibernalis 3. 中国板栗褐腐病的新兴病原菌——Gnomoniopsis daii 4. CABI关于中国减少农药使用的工作报告
Assessment of Pest Severity and Biological Parameters of Bactrocera minax in Sweet Orange Orchards in Central Nepal
尼泊尔中部甜橙果园中柑橘大实蝇的虫害程度和生物学参数评估
Milan Chauhan, Madhav Koirala, Bamdev Regmi, Rohit Dhakal, Rajendra Regmi, Debraj Adhikari – International journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food science (IJHAF)
Chinese Citrus fly, Bactrocera minax is a serious insect pest in Nepal, Bhutan, China, India causing 100% fruit drop in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) orchards in severe case. Four elevation ranges of Ramechhap district were taken for the study of severity of infestation by this fly species in November 2018. A subsequent rearing was conducted at Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal up to April 2019 to assess various developmental parameters of Bactrocera minax starting from larval stage in infested sweet oranges to the adult flies. Without feeding an adult fly survived up to 3 days. It can be speculated that besides other meteorological factors, elevation affects geographical distribution of fly and its subsequent biological parameters
中国的柑橘类害虫柑橘大实蝇，在尼泊尔、不丹、中国、印度是一种严重危害甜橙果园产量的害虫。 2018年11月针对尼泊尔拉梅恰普区的4个不同海拔对该虫的危害严重程度进行调查研究。随后至2019年4月在奇特旺的尼泊尔农林大学进行的饲养实验以评估柑橘大实蝇的各阶段（幼虫到成虫）发育参数。成虫不进食最多可存活3天。 据此推测，除其他气象因素外，海拔高度还会影响该虫的地理分布及其后续其他生物学参数。
https://aipublications.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJHAF-OCT20195-Assessmentof.pdf
A recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow dipstick assay for rapid detection of the quarantine citrus pathogen in China, Phytophthora hibernalis
一种重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)-侧向层析快速检测柑橘类植物检疫性病原真菌冬生疫霉的方法
Tingting Dai, Tao Hu, Xiao Yang, Danyu Shen, Binbin Jiao, Wen Tian, Yue Xu – Microbiology
Phytophthora hibernalis, the causal agent of brown rot of citrus fruit, is an important worldwide pathogen and a quarantine pest in China. Current diagnosis of the disease relies on disease symptoms, pathogen isolation and identification by DNA sequencing. However, symptoms caused by P. hibernalis can be confused with those by other Phytophthora and fungal species. Moreover, pathogen isolation, PCR amplification and sequencing are time-consuming. In this study, a rapid assay including 20-min recombinase polymerase amplification targeting the Ypt1 gene and 5-min visualization using lateral flow dipsticks was developed for detecting P. hibernalis. Results in this study indicated that this assay has the potential application to detect P. hibernalis at diagnostic laboratories and plant quarantine departments of customs, especially under time- and resource-limited conditions.
Phytophthora hibernalis是柑桔类褐腐病的致病因子，世界范围内重要的病原物，也是中国的检疫性病害。 当前的诊断主要依赖于病害症状判断、病原物分离和通过DNA测序鉴定。 但由于Phytophthora hibernalis容易与其他疫霉菌类引起的症状混淆，且病原物分离、PCR扩增和测序的流程耗时。 该项研究中开发了一种快速检测的方法。该方法包括针对Ypt1基因的20分钟RPA和5分钟可视化侧向层析以检测Phytophthora hibernalis。研究结果表明，在时间和资源有限的情况下，该测定法可用于实验室和海关植物检疫部门对Phytophthora hibernalis的检测。
https://peerj.com/articles/8083/
An Emerging Pathogen from Rotted Chestnut in China: Gnomoniopsis daii sp. nov.
中国板栗褐腐病的新兴病原菌——Gnomoniopsis daii
Ning Jiang, Chengming Tian – Forests
Nut quality is fundamental to the economic viability of the Chinese sweet chestnut industry, but fruit rot disease significantly reduces this quality. In this study, we investigated chestnut rot in Anhui and Hubei provinces in China. Typical brown rot symptoms were observed, affecting nuts from different plantations. Isolates were obtained from symptomatic tissues of rotted fruits that were identified based on morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses of partial internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and tef1 and tub2 gene sequences. The inoculation results showed that the tested fungal species is pathogenic to chestnut fruits. Hence, a new and severe pathogen that causes Chinese sweet chestnut brown rot, Gnomoniopsis daii sp. nov., is introduced here in.
品质是中国板栗产业发展的基础，但是果腐病则会大大降低品质。 该项研究调查了中国安徽和湖北省的板栗腐烂情况。来自不同种植园的板栗坚果均能观察到典型的褐腐症状。通过对具有典型症状的腐烂组织进行病原物的分离，形态学比较和不同基因系统发育分析(its、tef1和tub2)进行鉴定。 接种实验结果表明，分离的真菌对板栗果实确有致病性。 因此，对一种新的中国板栗褐腐病的病原真菌(Gnomoniopsis daii)进行介绍。
Implementing Agri-policies on Pesticide Reduction through Subsidies and Plant Clinics in China
在中国通过实施补贴和植物诊所减少农药用量的农业政策
Xiaonan Wei,Lei Zhao,Yan Qiao, Buyun Wang, Min Wan, Stefan Toepfer – CABI
This study assesses whether the implementation of agricultural policy through plant clinic-linked subsidy programmes can lead to a reduction in pesticide use. A governmental “Green Pest Control” subsidy programme has been coordinated by the Beijing Plant Protection Station since 2009. In 2017, the subsidy programme was combined with the Plantwise plant clinic network to increase outreach to smallholder farmers. A new online system, the “Beijing Pesticide Reduction Management System”was established as an extension of the “Plantwise Online Management System”. It manages prescription data, subsidies, plant clinics, agri-input shops and suppliers, and monitors processes and outputs.
该项研究评估了通过与植物诊所相关的补贴计划实施的农业政策对农药减量使用的效果。 自2009年以来，北京植保站一直响应政府的“绿色害虫防治”补贴计划。2017年，该补贴计划为了扩大对小农户的覆盖范围，与在线植物诊所相结合，建立了一个新的线上系统，即“北京市农药减量使用管理系统”，作为该计划在线管理系统的扩展，该系统会管理农药使用方案、补贴、植物诊所、农药零售商和供应商，并监控过程和去向。
https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Working-Paper-13-Full-English.pdf
We would love to hear your recommendations for papers that you have enjoyed reading recently. If you have recently published a paper, send us a link! We would be happy to share your research with our community.
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